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Compendium of Materia Medica, Volumes 1-2

英語 BooksWhale エディション · Li Shizhen

原題: 本草纲目

The opening volumes of Li Shizhen’s materia medica introduce classical Chinese medicine, herbs, pharmacy, and natural history.

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Compendium of Materia Medica, Volumes 1-2

Compendium of Materia Medica, Volumes 1-2 presents the beginning of Li Shizhen’s vast Ming-dynasty encyclopedia of medicinal substances. This English edition focuses on the early structure, categories, and classical medical knowledge of the original Chinese work.

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Li Shizhen died in 1593, and Bencao Gangmu was first published in 1596. These dates support the public-domain basis for the classical Chinese source text used for this English Volumes 1-2 edition.

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Compendium of Materia Medica, Volumes 1-2

The chronicles say: “By beholding the dragon-like radiance, one knows an ancient sword; by observing the aura of treasure, one distinguishes a luminous pearl.” Thus, such marvels as the floating ping fruit and the rain-heralding shangyang bird cannot be fully understood except by one endowed with heavenly insight. Thereafter, Hua Tuo became renowned for his broad knowledge of natural things, Kang became famous for distinguishing written characters, and Yidun for discerning precious jade; yet men of such ability were still only as rare as morning stars.

Li Dongbi of Qiyang in Chu once came to visit me at my Yanshan Garden and stayed drinking with me for several days. I observed him closely. His countenance was serene, his body lean, and his conversation lively and full of substance. Truly, south of the Northern Dipper, there was no second man like him. When he unpacked his baggage, he had no superfluous possessions, only several dozen volumes entitled Compendium of Materia Medica.

プレビュー章He said to me:プレビュー

“I, Shizhen, am but an obscure man of Jing and Chu. In childhood I was often weak and sickly, and by nature I was slow and dull. When I grew older, however, I became so devoted to the classics and other books that reading them was like eating sugarcane and syrup. Thus I ranged through the books of many schools and gathered material from the writings of a hundred authors. Whenever I found anything useful in the philosophers, histories, classics, commentaries, works on phonology, agriculture, gardening, medicine, divination, astronomy, physiognomy, musical-poetic writings, and the works of various schools, I would write down a few words.

“From antiquity there has been a work called the Materia Medica. From the Divine Farmer through the Han, Liang, Tang, and Song dynasties down to our present dynasty, generations of scholars have long written annotations upon it. Yet the errors, mistakes, confusions, and omissions within it are beyond enumeration. I therefore dared to form the resolve to edit and collate it, and presumptuously took upon myself the authority of compiling and transmitting it. Over thirty years I consulted more than eight hundred authors, and the manuscript was revised three times. Repetitions were cut away, omissions supplied, and errors corrected. The old editions contained 1,518 substances; I have now added 374 more, divided the whole into sixteen divisions, and completed fifty-two volumes. Though it cannot claim absolute completeness, it is broadly comprehensive. I have presumptuously titled it the Compendium of Materia Medica. I beg you for a few words, that the work may be entrusted to immortality.”

I opened the volumes and examined them carefully. For each medicinal substance, the “Correct Name” is set forth as the principal heading, with “Explanation of Names” attached beneath it: this rectifies nomenclature from the outset. Next come “Collected Explanations,” “Resolution of Doubts,” and “Correction of Errors,” giving detailed accounts of places of origin, appearance, and form. Then come “Nature and Flavor,” “Principal Treatments,” and “Attached Prescriptions,” describing the substance’s qualities and uses.

From the most ancient canonical writings down to tales of marvels, whatever is relevant has been exhaustively gathered. It is like entering the gardens of Jingu, where every variety and color dazzles the eyes; like ascending to the palace of the Dragon Lord, where every treasure is displayed; like looking into a vessel of ice or a mirror of jade, where even individual hairs may be counted.

It is broad without being cumbersome, detailed yet focused on essentials. Its synthesis and verification penetrate to the utmost depths, giving direct access to an ocean of learning. How could this be regarded merely as a medical book? It is in truth a subtle exposition of the principles of nature, a comprehensive canon for the investigation of things, a secret register for emperors and kings, and a precious treasure for officials and common people alike. How diligent was Master Li in devoting his mind to benefiting others!

Alas! For long ages inferior jade has gone uncut and red has been confused with purple. This evil has endured too long. To identify the giant bone that could fill a cart, one had to wait for a scholar of Lu; to understand the stone that supported the Weaver Maiden’s loom, one had to consult a diviner. I myself am composing the Yanzhou Zhiyan, and I lament that after such learned works as the Danqian and the Zhiyan, no successors have appeared. How fortunate am I to behold this collection!

It would be useless to hide such a work in remote mountains or stone chambers. Why not have it engraved and printed, so that throughout the world and for generations to come those who, like Yang Xiong, savor the Taixuan may share in it?

Written respectfully by Wang Shizhen of Fengzhou, the Mountain Man of Yanzhou, on the Lantern Festival in the spring of the gengyin year of the Wanli reign.

プレビュー章Volume Oneプレビュー

Volume One

目次

このエディションの内容

  1. 01Full text
  2. 02He said to me:
  3. 03Volume One
  4. 04Materia Medica Works of Successive Dynasties
  5. 05Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica
  6. 06Supplementary Records of Famous Physicians
  7. 07Tongjun’s Record of Gathering Medicines
  8. 08Leigong’s Medicinal Pairs
  9. 09Li’s Record of Medicines
  10. 10Wu Pu’s Materia Medica
  11. 11Leigong’s Treatise on Processing Medicinal Substances
  12. 12Tang Materia Medica
  13. 13In his preface, Kong Zhiyue, Gentleman of the Ministry of Rites, wrote:
  14. 14General Formulae of Medicines
  15. 15Materia Medica of Medicinal Properties
  16. 16Dietary Therapy from the Thousand-Gold Prescriptions
  17. 17Materia Medica of Dietary Therapy
  18. 18Supplement to the Materia Medica
  19. 19Materia Medica of Maritime Medicines
  20. 20Four-Tone Materia Medica
  21. 21Abridged Materia Medica
  22. 22Pronunciation and Meaning of the Materia Medica
  23. 23Classified Matters Concerning the Nature of Materia Medica
  24. 24Materia Medica of Food Properties
  25. 25Shu Materia Medica
  26. 26Kaibao Materia Medica
  27. 27Its preface says:
  28. 28Jiayou Supplemented and Annotated Materia Medica
  29. 29Its preface states in outline:
  30. 30Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica
  31. 31Classified Materia Medica
  32. 32Separate Explanations of the Materia Medica
  33. 33Rihua Materia Medica of Various Authors
  34. 34Elucidation of the Materia Medica
  35. 35Jiegu’s Pearl Bag
  36. 36Images and Methods of Using Medicines
  37. 37Materia Medica of Decoctions
  38. 38Daily-Use Materia Medica
  39. 39Materia Medica in Verse
  40. 40Supplement to the Elucidation of the Materia Medica
  41. 41Elucidation of Materia Medica
  42. 42Materia Medica for Relief in Famine
  43. 43Gengxin Jade Register
  44. 44Collected Essentials of Materia Medica
  45. 45Materia Medica of Foods
  46. 46Materia Medica as a Mirror of Foods
  47. 47Compiled Materia Medica
  48. 48Beginner’s Guide to Materia Medica
  49. 49Compendium of Materia Medica
  50. 50Catalogue of Ancient and Modern Medical Works Cited
  51. 51Catalogue of Ancient and Modern Classics, Histories, and Works of the Hundred Schools Cited
  52. 52Total Number of Medicinal Substances Collected from the Various Materia Medica Works
  53. 53Shennong’s Principles of Classification in the Original Classic
  54. 54[Chunyu Yi says:] There are six kinds of patients who cannot be treated:
  55. 55[Zongshi says:] There are six failures in disease:
  56. 56There are also eight essentials:
  57. 57As the Classic says:
  58. 58It is also said: “Treat opposition directly; treat conformity by contrary methods.”
  59. 59[Gao says:] The flexible ancient method of taking medicine was this:
  60. 60How could a single medicine be expected to treat the diseases of everyone?
  61. 61Therefore Qibo said: “The qi of gentle fire strengthens; the qi of blazing fire weakens.”
  62. 62Gentle fire generates qi; blazing fire disperses qi—how much more so declining fire!
  63. 63She then said only: “I have urgent pain below the navel.”
  64. 64[Zongshi says:] Why do many people today use ancient prescriptions without effect?
  65. 65Gathering Medicines According to the Six Qi and the Seasonal Products of the Year
  66. 66Qibo said:
  67. 67The Seven Types of Prescriptions
  68. 68Large Prescriptions
  69. 69Small Prescriptions
  70. 70Slow Prescriptions
  71. 71Thus it is said: “To punish where there is no excess is called great delusion.”
  72. 72Urgent Prescriptions
  73. 73Odd Prescriptions
  74. 74Even Prescriptions
  75. 75Compound Prescriptions
  76. 76The Ten Classes of Medicinal Agents
  77. 77Dispersing Agents
  78. 78[Haogu says:] The Classic describes Five Constraints:
  79. 79Thus:
  80. 80Freeing Agents
  81. 81Supplementing Agents
  82. 82[Shizhen says:] The Classic says: “Supplement what is insufficient.”
  83. 83It also says: “In deficiency, supplement the mother.”
  84. 84Likewise:
  85. 85Draining Agents
  86. 86[Congzheng says:] “When there is excess, drain it.”
  87. 87[Shizhen says:] “Removing obstruction” should read “removing excess.”
  88. 88Light Agents
  89. 89[Shizhen says:] It should read: “Light agents can remove closure.”
  90. 90Heavy Agents
  91. 91Lubricating Agents
  92. 92Hence the former is called “stagnation,” the latter “adherence.”
  93. 93Astringent Agents
  94. 94Drying Agents
  95. 95How could only ginger and aconite be considered drying agents?
  96. 96When dampness is removed, dryness results; hence the name “drying.”
  97. 97Moistening Agents
  98. 98[Shizhen says:] The term “dampening agents” should be changed to “moistening agents.”
  99. 99Liu Wansu said:
  100. 100In the preface to Lei Xiao’s Treatise on Processing Medicinal Substances, he says:
  101. 101Even if ruler and minister are distinguished, how could they understand mutual control?
  102. 102Qi, Flavor, Yin, and Yang
  103. 103The Treatise on the Correspondence of Yin and Yang says:
  104. 104Li Gao said:
  105. 105The Treatise on the Six Seasonal Divisions and Visceral Images says:
  106. 106It also says:
  107. 107[Wang Bing says:] The Five Qi are:
  108. 108Appropriate and Prohibited Uses of the Five Flavors
  109. 109Qibo said:
  110. 110He also said:
  111. 111He also said:
  112. 112The Five Desires
  113. 113The Five Appropriatenesses
  114. 114The Five Prohibitions
  115. 115The Five Directions of Flavor
  116. 116The Five Injuries
  117. 117The Five Excesses
  118. 118Partial Predominance of the Five Flavors
  119. 119Qibo said:
  120. 120Root and Branch, Yin and Yang
  121. 121Li Gao said:
  122. 122The Classic says: “From root to branch: first treat the root, then treat the branch.”
  123. 123The Classic says: “From branch to root: first treat the branch, then treat the root.”
  124. 124Ascending, Descending, Floating, and Sinking
  125. 125Li Gao said:
  126. 126Wang Haogu said:
  127. 127Li Shizhen said:
  128. 128Examples of Medication According to the Four Seasons
  129. 129Li Shizhen said:
  130. 130Therefore:
  131. 131The Classic also says:
  132. 132They call these “seasonal medicines.”
  133. 133Wang Haogu said:
  134. 134Methods of Using Medicines According to the Five Movements and Six Climatic Excesses
  135. 135When Jueyin governs Heaven, in ji and hai years:
  136. 136When Shaoyin governs Heaven, in zi and wu years:
  137. 137When Taiyin governs Heaven, in chou and wei years:
  138. 138When Shaoyang governs Heaven, in yin and shen years:
  139. 139When Yangming governs Heaven, in mao and you years:
  140. 140When Taiyang governs Heaven, in chen and xu years:
  141. 141When Jueyin is at the Earthly Spring, in yin and shen years:
  142. 142When Shaoyin is at the Earthly Spring, in mao and you years:
  143. 143When Taiyin is at the Earthly Spring, in chen and xu years:
  144. 144When Shaoyang is at the Earthly Spring, in ji and hai years:
  145. 145When Yangming is at the Earthly Spring, in zi and wu years:
  146. 146When Taiyang is at the Earthly Spring, in chou and wei years:
  147. 147Li Shizhen said:
  148. 148How can predominance of the Six Qi be recognized?
  149. 149Qi and Flavor for Supplementing and Draining the Six Bowels and Six Viscera
  150. 150Zhang Yuansu said:
  151. 151Hence it is said: “With grain there is flourishing; without grain there is death.”
  152. 152Supplementing and Draining the Five Viscera with the Five Flavors
  153. 153Zhang Yuansu said:
  154. 154Li Shizhen said:
  155. 155[When Excessive, Drain It]
  156. 156[When Insufficient, Supplement It]
  157. 157[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  158. 158[When the Branch Is Hot, Release It]
  159. 159[When Fire Is Excessive, Drain It]
  160. 160[When Spirit Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  161. 161[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  162. 162[When the Branch Is Hot, Release It]
  163. 163[When Earth Is Excessive, Drain It]
  164. 164[When Earth Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  165. 165[Remove Root Dampness]
  166. 166[Percolate Branch Dampness]
  167. 167[When Qi Is Excessive, Drain It]
  168. 168[When Qi Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  169. 169[When the Root Is Hot, Clear It]
  170. 170[When the Root Is Cold, Warm It]
  171. 171[When the Branch Is Cold, Scatter It]
  172. 172[When Water Is Strong, Drain It]
  173. 173[When Water Is Weak, Supplement It]
  174. 174[When the Root Is Hot, Attack It]
  175. 175[When the Root Is Cold, Warm It]
  176. 176[When the Branch Is Cold, Release It]
  177. 177[When the Branch Is Hot, Cool It]
  178. 178[When Fire Is Strong, Drain It]
  179. 179[When Fire Is Weak, Supplement It]
  180. 180[When Essence Escapes, Secure It]
  181. 181[When Fire Is Excessive, Drain It]
  182. 182[When Fire Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  183. 183[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  184. 184[When the Branch Is Hot, Scatter It]
  185. 185[When Fire Is Excessive, Drain It]
  186. 186[When Fire Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  187. 187[When Root Heat Exists, Balance It]
  188. 188[When Branch Heat Exists, Harmonize It]
  189. 189[When the Stomach Is Excessive, Drain It]
  190. 190[When the Stomach Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  191. 191[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  192. 192[When the Branch Is Hot, Release It]
  193. 193[When the Intestine Is Excessive, Drain It]
  194. 194[When the Intestine Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  195. 195[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  196. 196[When the Root Is Cold, Warm It]
  197. 197[When the Branch Is Hot, Scatter It]
  198. 198[When Excess Heat Exists, Drain It]
  199. 199[When Deficient Cold Exists, Supplement It]
  200. 200[When the Root Is Hot, Cool It]
  201. 201[When the Branch Is Hot, Scatter It]
  202. 202[When Excess Heat Exists, Drain It]
  203. 203[When the Lower Body Is Deficient, Supplement It]
  204. 204[When the Root Is Hot, Promote Drainage]
  205. 205[When the Branch Is Cold, Release It]
  206. 206Channel-Guiding and Messenger Medicines — Jiegu’s Pearl Bag
  207. 207Volume Two
  208. 208Variations and Identical Names of Medicinal Substances
  209. 209[Five Different Substances Sharing the Same Name]
  210. 210[Four Different Substances Sharing the Same Name]
  211. 211[Three Different Substances Sharing the Same Name]
  212. 212[Two Different Substances Sharing the Same Name]
  213. 213[Hidden Names Formed by Comparison]
  214. 214Medicines That Mutually Require, Assist, Fear, or Dislike One Another
  215. 215[Herbs, Group One]
  216. 216[Herbs, Group Two]
  217. 217[Herbs, Group Three]
  218. 218[Herbs, Group Four]
  219. 219[Herbs, Group Five]
  220. 220[Herbs, Group Six]
  221. 221[Herbs, Group Seven]
  222. 222[Herbs, Group Eight]
  223. 223[Trees, Group One]
  224. 224[Trees, Group Two]
  225. 225[Trees, Group Three]
  226. 226[Trees, Group Four]
  227. 227[Fruits]
  228. 228[Grains]
  229. 229[Vegetables]
  230. 230[Metals and Stones, Group One]
  231. 231[Metals and Stones, Group Two]
  232. 232[Metals and Stones, Group Three]
  233. 233[Metals and Stones, Group Four]
  234. 234[Metals and Stones, Group Five]
  235. 235[Insects]
  236. 236[Scaled Creatures]
  237. 237[Shellfish]
  238. 238[Birds]
  239. 239[Beasts]
  240. 240Mutually Antagonistic Medicines — Thirty-Six in All
  241. 241Dietary Prohibitions While Taking Medicines
  242. 242Contraindications in Pregnancy
  243. 243Aconite Prepared aconite Tianxiong Wuhui
  244. 244Cezi Wild kudzu Azalea Cinnamon
  245. 245Arisaema Pinellia Croton Euphorbia
  246. 246Genkwa Veratrum Coix seed Weixian
  247. 247Achyranthes Honey locust Morning glory Magnolia bark
  248. 248Sophora fruit Peach kernel Moutan bark —root
  249. 249Madder root Imperata root Dried lacquer Dianthus
  250. 250Wanru Red arrow Herbal sanleng Wangcao
  251. 251Euonymus Tongcao Safflower Sappan wood
  252. 252Malt sprouts Mallow seed Red ocher Changshan
  253. 253Mercury Tin powder Sal ammoniac Arsenic
  254. 254Mirabilite Sulfur Shican Realgar
  255. 255Leech Gadfly Yuanqing Blister beetle
  256. 256Didan Spider Mole cricket Geshang tingzhang
  257. 257Centipede Silverfish Snake slough Lizard
  258. 258Feisheng Zhe insect Chunji Cicada
  259. 259Chafer grub Hedgehog skin Bezoar Musk
  260. 260Orpiment Rabbit meat Crab claw shell Dog meat
  261. 261Horse meat Donkey meat Sheep liver Carp
  262. 262Toad Loach and eel Tortoise and soft-shelled turtle Crab
  263. 263Fresh ginger Small garlic Sparrow meat Razor clam
  264. 264Food Incompatibilities
  265. 265Li Dongyuan’s General Rules for Selecting Medicines According to Symptoms
  266. 266Xu Zhicai’s General Rules for Medicines Used in Deficiency
  267. 267Zhang Zihe’s Three Methods: Sweating, Vomiting, and Purgation
  268. 268Physicians who do not understand my methods instead slander them. How lamentable!
  269. 269Vomiting Method
  270. 270Examining the Materia Medica:
  271. 271There are eight kinds of persons who should not be made to vomit:
  272. 272Sweating Method
  273. 273There are several methods:
  274. 274According to the Materia Medica:
  275. 275Purgation Method
  276. 276According to the Materia Medica, purgatives include:
  277. 277There are four situations in which purgation is prohibited:
  278. 278Diseases Have Eight Essentials, Six Failures, and Six Untreatable Conditions
  279. 279Annotations are found under “Shennong’s Principles of Classification.”
  280. 280Seasonal Medicinal Substances in the Medicinal Pairs
  281. 281Catalogue of Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica
  282. 282Superior Grade: 120 Medicines
  283. 283Cinnabar Mica Jade spring Stalactite Alum
  284. 284Saltpeter Mirabilite Talc Azurite Zengqing
  285. 285Yu surplus grain Taiyi surplus grain White quartz Purple quartz Five-colored halloysite
  286. 286Acorus Chrysanthemum Ginseng Asparagus root Licorice
  287. 287Dried rehmannia Atractylodes Dodder seed Achyranthes Leonurus seed
  288. 288Nüwei Fangkui Ophiopogon Duhuo Plantain seed
  289. 289Costus Yam Coix seed Alisma Polygala
  290. 290Gentian Asarum Dendrobium Morinda White nightshade
  291. 291White wormwood Red arrow Anwei seed Ximing seed Yarrow seed
  292. 292Red lingzhi Black lingzhi Blue lingzhi White lingzhi Yellow lingzhi
  293. 293Purple lingzhi Selaginella Indigo seed Miwu Coptis
  294. 294Trachelospermum Tribulus seed Astragalus Cistanche Fangfeng
  295. 295Cattail pollen Cattail Dipsacus Loulu Tianmingjing
  296. 296Cassia seed Salvia Feilian Schisandra Bindweed
  297. 297Lanyao Cnidium seed Kochia seed Stonecrop Artemisia capillaris
  298. 298Duruo Adenophora Xu Changqing Shilongchu Caesalpinia
  299. 299Cowherb Mugui Jungui Pine resin Sophora fruit
  300. 300Wolfberry Orange and pomelo Cypress seed Poria Elm bark
  301. 301Sour jujube Dried lacquer Vitex fruit Magnolia flower Eucommia
  302. 302Mulberry mistletoe Privet fruit Ruiren Lotus fruit and stem Jujube
  303. 303Grape Raspberry Foxnut Sesame Hemp flower
  304. 304Winter mallow seed Amaranth seed White melon seed Bitter greens Dragon bone
  305. 305Musk Bear fat White glue Donkey-hide gelatin Rock sugar
  306. 306Bee larvae Beeswax Oyster shell Tortoise shell Mantis egg case
  307. 307Middle Grade: 120 Medicines
  308. 308Realgar Orpiment Stone sulfur Mercury Gypsum
  309. 309Magnetite Condensed-water stone Actinolite Lishi Feldspar
  310. 310Chalcanthite White qing Bianqing Fuqing Dried ginger
  311. 311Cocklebur fruit Kudzu root Trichosanthes Sophora root Bupleurum
  312. 312Chuanxiong Angelica Ephedra Tongcao Peony
  313. 313Lishi Dianthus Scrophularia Gentiana Lily
  314. 314Anemarrhena Fritillaria Angelica dahurica Epimedium Scutellaria
  315. 315Shilongrui Imperata root Aster Lithospermum Madder root
  316. 316Baijiang Dittany bark Ground cherry Zishen Gaoben
  317. 317Cibotium Dioscorea White rabbit huo Rosa multiflora fruit Baiwei
  318. 318Weixian Qiao root Duckweed Wanggua Sanguisorba
  319. 319Seaweed Eupatorium Fangji Moutan Coltsfoot
  320. 320Pyrrosia Maxianhao Centella Nüwan Wangsun
  321. 321Shuyangquan Justicia Gardenia Bamboo leaf Phellodendron wood
  322. 322Evodia Mulberry root bark Elm Immature bitter orange Magnolia bark
  323. 323Ash bark Qin pepper Cornus fruit Trumpet creeper Zhuling
  324. 324White thorn Longan Magnolia Acanthopanax bark Euonymus
  325. 325Albizia Bizi Plum fruit Peach kernel Apricot kernel
  326. 326Polygonum seed Scallion seed Chinese chive Schizonepeta Water perilla
  327. 327Water parsley Hair White horse penis Deer antler Ox horn center
  328. 328Ram horn Male dog penis Antelope horn Rhinoceros horn Bezoar
  329. 329Pig testicle Milu fat Red rooster Goose fat Soft-shelled turtle shell
  330. 330—fish shell Snakehead fish Carp gall Cuttlebone Sea clam
  331. 331Wenge Lizard Honeycomb Cicada Silkworm
  332. 332Inferior Grade: 125 Medicines
  333. 333Konggongnie Yinnie Iron essence Iron filings Iron
  334. 334Red lead Tin powder Tin mirror knob Red ocher Rong salt
  335. 335Coarse salt Alkaline brine Qinglanggan Yushi Lime
  336. 336Chalk Winter ash Prepared aconite Aconite Tianxiong
  337. 337Pinellia Arisaema Iris Rhubarb Tingli
  338. 338Platycodon Henbane seed Caohao Inula Veratrum
  339. 339Gelsemium Belamcanda Shehan Changshan Shuqian
  340. 340Kansui Ampelopsis Celosia seed Huanjun Bletilla
  341. 341Euphorbia Ze lacquer Yinyu Male fern Raohua
  342. 342Yazi Azalea Genkwa Guhuo Bieji
  343. 343Pokeweed Dock Polygonum aviculare Langdu Guijiu
  344. 344Pulsatilla Carambola vine Nüqing Forsythia Shixia Changqing
  345. 345Wanru Wujiu Luhuo Paris Shichangsheng
  346. 346Luying Jincao Niubian Prunella Qucao
  347. 347Croton Sichuan pepper Honey locust Willow flower Chinaberry fruit
  348. 348Bush-cherry kernel Mangcao Leiwan Catalpa bark Paulownia leaf
  349. 349Shinan Huanghuan Soushu Mouse buckthorn Usnea
  350. 350Yaoshi root Manjiao Luan flower Huaimu Sprouted soybean
  351. 351Bat droppings Flying squirrel Bat Toad Razor clam
  352. 352Crab Snake slough Hedgehog skin Wasp Dung beetle
  353. 353Slug White-necked earthworm Chafer grub Shican Queweng
  354. 354Chunji Blister beetle Mole cricket Centipede Millipede
  355. 355Didan Firefly Silverfish Woodlouse Leech
  356. 356Wood gadfly Gadfly Cockroach Zhe insect Cowry
  357. 357Old Catalogue of the Song Materia Medica
  358. 358194 substances “named but unused.”

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明代本草学巨著，系统记录草木、虫鱼、禽兽、矿物、药性、方剂与传统医学知识。

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